Drilling-machine



(No Model.)

H. H. WILDERMAN DRILLING MACHINE.

'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

HUGH HARRISON WILDERMAN, OF BELLEVILLE, ILLINOIS.

DRlLLlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 484,270, dated October 11, 1892.

Application filed November 20,1891. Serial No. 412,505. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUGH HARRISON WILD- ERMAN, of Belleville, in the county of St. Olair'and State of Illinois, have invented a new and Improved Drilling-Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved drilling-machine which is simple and durable in construction, very effective in operation, and more especially designed for drilling coal, rocks, dac.

The invention consists of a rotary engine arranged centrally on the drilling-shaft for turning and feeding the same.

The invention also consists of certain parts and details and combinations of the same, as will be fully described hereinafter, and then pointed out in the claims. A

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of the improvement on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the same on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of part of the feed mechanism on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a like view of another part of the same on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation of a modified form of part of the feed mechanism.

The improved drilling-machine is provided With a rotary engine having a cylinder A, formed with two heads B and B', in which is journaled centrally a hollow shaft C, on which is fastened within the cylinderA a piston D, made in oval shape, as is plainly shown in Fig. 2, the outer ends extending close to the inner surface of the rim of the cylinder A. The piston D is provided with two cavities D and the outer walls D2 are made sufficiently heavy to counterbalance the piston, so as to prevent uneven Wear of the shaft C in its bearings in the heads B B. In the Walls D2 are formed apertures D3 for permitting oil or other lubricant to pass from the cavities D through the said apertures into the cylinder A to lubricate the piston in the said cylinder. The cavities D are filled with the lubricant, and the latter on the rotation of the piston is forced out by centrifugal force through the openings D2, thus lubricating the cylinder at the time the machine is running.

The rim of the piston D is engaged at diametrically-opposite sides by abutments F and F, mounted to slide radially in casings G and G, respectively, secured or formed on the cylinder A, as is plainly shown in Fig. 2. The abutments F and F are provided on opposite faces with cavities F2 and F2, respectively, connecting With the inlet-ports a. and b, formed in the rim of the cylinder A and connected with a suitable source of motiveagent supply. Opposite the ports ab on the other sides of the abutments F and F respectively, are formed exhaust-ports c and d, respectively, opening into the interior of the cylinder A and connected with a suitable exhaust-pipe. In the ends of the abutments F and F are formed openings F4, leading from the respective cavities F2 and Finto the casings G and G', so that the motive agent can pass through the openings Ffinto the casings to force the abutmentsin contact with the rim of the piston-D, and also to form a cushion in the said casings for the abutments to prevent concussion when the latter move into an outermost position. It will be seen that by this arrangement the motive agent operating the ports a and b passes into the cylinder A at opposite sides of the said abutments, thus pressing on both ends of the piston D, thereby turning the same in the direction of the arrow a', and consequently imparting a rotary motion to the shaft O. The motive agent in the rear of the abutments F and F exhausts through the ports c and d as soon as the respective end of the piston D has passed the said exhau st-port and the next following abutment.

The drill-shaft H is mounted to slide in and to turn with the hollow shaft O, through which it passes centrally, as is plainlyshown in Figs. 1 and 2. The drill-shaft H is provided at opposite sides with longitudinallyextending grooves H-, engaged by keys I, held in the hollow shaft C, so that when the `latter is rotated a rotary motion is imparted to the shaft H, which latter, however, is free to slide in the shaft O in either direction.

The forward end of the shaftH carries the usual drilling-tool J, and is provided with a IOO screw-thread H2, engaged by half-nuts K and K', mounted to slide in a casing L, formed at its under side with a conical hub L', fitted into a correspondiugly-shaped sleeve O, madein two parts and secured by a set-screw O', or other means, on the hub B2, formed on the head B of the cylinder A. The bore of the conical hub L is fitted on the reduced end B3 of the hub B2, sunicient space being left between the lower end of the conical hub L' and the hub B2 for a coiled spring P, resting with one cud on the back end ot' the said conical hub L' and the forward end of the hub B2. The outer ends of the half-nuts K and K are connected with a screw-rod N, carrying a right and left thread and mounted to turn in the casing L and serving to move the said halfnuts into or out of contact with the screwthread H2 of the drill-shaft H. On moving the half-nuts K and K outward out of engagement with the screw-thread H2 then the drill-shaft [-I can be moved outward in the hollow shaft C and the reduced end B3 of the head B until the said drill-shaft is in an uppermost position. The half-nuts K and K' are then again moved inward toward each other, so that the inner ends engage the thread H2, and feeding of the drill-shaft may be begun as soon as the said shaft is rotated.

On the rim of the cylinder A are cast or forme'd trunnions A', for conveniently supporting the machine in a suitable framework or post of any approved construction.

The operation is as follows: When the several parts are in the position illustrated in Figs. l and 2, and a motive agent is passed through the ports aand b, then the piston D is turned in the cylinder A, thereby irnparting a rotary'motion to the shaft C, which latter, by the keys I, rotates the drill-shaft I-I. The rotary motion of the latter causes a feeding of the same by its thread H2, engaging the half-nuts K and K', so that the shaft H is fed outward; The drilling-tool J thus drills an aperture in the material, the revolving of the drill-shaft and the forward feed being accomplished from the rotary engine A, which carries the said shaft. It will be seen that the shaft H receives a positive feed from the rotary engine A and the half-nuts K and K', according to the number of threads to the inch which are formed on the shaft H. In drilling coal and similar material, nine or ten threads are arranged to the inch on the shaft H, so that nine or ten revolutions of the piston D feed the drilling-tool J the distance of about one inch. By varying the pitch of the thread H2,the feed will beincreased or diminished, it being assumed that the numberof revolutions of the piston D in the cylinder A remains the same. Now in case the drillingtool J should strike a hard substance in the bed which it is drilling, then the drilling-tool cannot cut as fast, as the feed-bar would be fed foward positively in the manner above described, and in order to overcome this difiiculty the spring P is introduced, pressing pressed and at the same time the hub L' is free to revolve in the sleeve O. A forward movement of the shaft H does not then take place except by the pressure of the coil-spring P. It will be seen that the casing L, the nuts K K', and the shaft H all rotate together, and the feeding will all be done by the spring P until the drilling-tool J has cut far enough ahead to let the spring P push the conical hub L' back again upon its seat in the casing, so that the feed will again commence from the half-nuts K and K'. In case the substance is not very hard, then the feed will be caused partly by the nuts K and K' and partly by the frictional contact of the spring P, the hub L', and sleeve O in the manner above described. The advantage of this feed mechanism is that it stops all crowding of the machine automatically and prevents the latter from choking down in very hard material or breaking the drilling-toolJ and the parts connected with it, and at the same time the feed of the drill varies automatically, according to the hardness of the substance'to be drilled.

I do not limit myself to the special construction of the spring P, the casing L, and sleeve O, as other suitable mechanism may be substituted to accomplish the same purpose. For instance, as shown in Fig. 5, the hub Lis cylindrical and formed at its inner end with a Bange L2, having friction or clutch teeth engaging corresponding teeth formed on a flange O2 of the sleeve O. The springP presses on the flange L2 to hold the clutch-teeth in engagement or frictional contact, and the action is the same as above described in reference to the conical hub L and sleeve O.

It will be seen that in this machine the IIO shaft H is actuated directly from the piston of the engine, so that no loss of power takes place and no additional gearing or other means is necessary to transmit the power of the engine to the shaft.

As the piston D is balanced both as to weight and the pressure of the motive agent, all wear and friction from centrifugal force is avoided and complete steadiness while running the machine is obtained. As the piston is arranged with a constant supply of lubricant, the latter is distributed to the cylinder, the valves, and other parts, so that hot bearings and the like are prevented.

I do not claim in this application the special construction of the rotary engine.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as ,new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a drilling-machine, the combination, with a longitudinally-yielding drill-shaft, of

a rotary engine arranged centrally on the said drill-shaft for turning and feeding the same, substantially as shown and described.

'2. In a drilling-machine, the combination, Witha drill-shaft formed Witha screw-thread, of a yielding nut engaging the said thread on the drill-shaft to permit the shaft to yield 1ongitudinally, and a rotary engine held centrally on the said shaft and iinparting'a rotary motion to the Same, substantially a shown and described.

3. In a drilling-machine, the combination, with a rotary engine provided with a cylinder and ahollow shaft, and a piston secured on the said shaft and operating in the said cylinder, of a drill-shaft mounted to slide in and to turn with the said hollow shaft, the said drillshaft being provided With a screw-thread and laterally-movable nuts supported yieldingly from the said cylinder and engaging the said screw-thread on the drill-shaft to feed the screws and permit it to yield longitudinally, substantially as shown .and described.

4. In a drilling-machine, the combination, with a drill-shaft havingapositive rotary motion and provided with a screw-thread, of a nut engaging the said screw-thread, and a casing containing the said nut and mounted to slide yieldingly, substantially as shown and described.

5. In a drilling-machine, the combination, with a drill-shaft havinga rotary motion and provided With a screw-thread, of a nut engaging the said screw-thread, a casing containing the said nut and formed with a conical hub, a sleeveformed with a conical seat for the said hub, and a spring pressing on the said conical hub, substantially as shown and described.

6. In a drilling-machine, the combination, with a drill-shaft having a rotary motion and provided with a screw-thread, of a nut engaging the said screw-thread, a casing containing the said nut and formed with a conical hub, a sleeve formed With a conical seat for the said hub, a spring pressing on the said conical hub, and a rotary engine supporting on its cylinder the said'sleeve and imparting a positive rotary motion to the said shaft, substantially as shown and described.

HUGH HARRISON WILDERMAN.

Vitnesses:

CHARLES BORN, JOHN C. BORN. 

